Glucophage (metformin): What It Does and How to Use It

Glucophage (metformin) is a widely used oral medicine for type 2 diabetes that helps lower blood sugar and improve how your body uses insulin. Doctors often prescribe it first because it works well, is low-cost, and has a good safety profile compared with other diabetes drugs.

How Glucophage works is simple: it lowers glucose production in the liver and helps muscles take up sugar from the blood. That cuts fasting and post-meal glucose. Unlike insulin or sulfonylureas, metformin rarely causes low blood sugar by itself when used alone.

Typical dosing starts low to reduce stomach upset. Many people begin with 500 mg once or twice daily with meals, then increase over weeks up to 1500–2000 mg per day if needed. Extended‑release versions let you take one dose daily and often cause fewer digestive issues.

Common side effects are stomach upset, gas, diarrhea, and a metallic taste. These often improve after two to four weeks. A rare but serious risk is lactic acidosis, a buildup of acid in the blood. That is very uncommon if kidneys are healthy but more likely with severe kidney, liver, or heart problems, or heavy alcohol use.

Check kidney function before starting and at least yearly after that. If your estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is below a certain cutoff, your doctor may lower the dose or switch medications. Also pause metformin before tests that use iodinated contrast dye and after imaging if your kidney function falls.

Drug interactions to watch for include certain blood pressure medicines, some antibiotics, and powerful heart drugs that affect kidney function. Tell your provider about all medicines and supplements you take.

Practical tips to make Glucophage work better

Take it with food to reduce nausea.

Start at the lowest dose and let your body adjust.

Keep a record of blood glucose numbers and bring them to clinic visits.

Limit heavy drinking; alcohol raises risk of lactic acidosis.

Report persistent muscle pain, unusual tiredness, or rapid breathing to your doctor.

Pregnancy and breastfeeding: metformin is sometimes used in pregnancy for gestational diabetes and in women with PCOS, but treatment decisions depend on your individual situation. Always discuss risks and benefits with an obstetrician.

Buying metformin online: look for licensed pharmacies, clear contact info, and a pharmacy license. Avoid sites that don't require a prescription. If price seems unrealistically low, the product may be counterfeit.

Monitoring: expect periodic blood tests for kidney function and an A1C every three months until stable. Vitamin B12 levels can drop with long-term use, so check levels if you have symptoms like tingling or fatigue.

If Glucophage stops working or causes side effects, your doctor can suggest other drugs or combination therapy. Metformin remains a cornerstone of type 2 diabetes care, but using it safely means follow-up, tests, and honest communication with your healthcare team.

Pair metformin with diet and activity changes for best results. Simple steps — consistent meals, walking 30 minutes most days, and weight loss if advised — improve blood sugar control and reduce.